• Post By - Dr.Deval Patel Hospital
• Post Date - 2025-05-28

Hiatal Hernia: Symptoms and Causes

A hiatal hernia occurs when the upper part of your stomach bulges through the diaphragm — the large muscle that separates your chest from your abdomen. The diaphragm has a small opening (hiatus) through which your food pipe (esophagus) passes before connecting to your stomach. In a hiatal hernia, the stomach pushes up through that opening and into your chest.

Understanding the symptoms and causes of a hiatal hernia can help in early detection and better management of the condition.

Common Symptoms of Hiatal Hernia

In many cases, a small hiatal hernia may not cause any noticeable symptoms. However, larger hernias can lead to various discomforts, including:

 

•  Heartburn

A burning sensation in the chest, especially after eating or when lying down. Often worsens at night.

•  Regurgitation of food or liquids

Sour or bitter taste due to stomach acid backing up into the throat or mouth.

•  Difficulty Swallowing (Dysphagia)

Feeling like food is getting stuck in the throat or chest.

• Chest or Abdominal Pain

May mimic the pain of a heart attack but is often linked to digestive issues.

• Shortness of Breath

A large hernia can push against the lungs, making it harder to breathe.

• Frequent Burping or Hiccups

•  Nausea or Vomiting

  If symptoms are persistent or severe, it's essential to consult a healthcare professional, as untreated hiatal hernias can lead to complications such as esophagitis, strictures, or even Barrett’s esophagus.

 

Causes of Hiatal Hernia

The exact cause e:of hiatal hernias is not always clear, but several factors may contribut

 

1. Increased Pressure in the Abdomen

• Obesity
• Pregnancy
• Heavy lifting or straining
• Chronic coughing or sneezing
• Constipation leading to straining during bowel movements

2. Age-Related Changes
The diaphragm naturally weakens with age, increasing the risk, especially after the age of 50.

 

3. Injury or Trauma
An accident or surgical injury can damage the diaphragm or weaken the surrounding muscles

 

4. Congenital Factors
Some people are born with a larger-than-normal hiatus, which makes herniation more likely.

 

 

Conclusion
 

While a hiatal hernia is not always serious, its symptoms can significantly impact your quality of life. Early recognition and lifestyle changes — such as maintaining a healthy weight, avoiding large meals, and elevating the head while sleeping — can help manage mild cases. For more severe symptoms, medications or surgery may be required.

If you’re experiencing persistent heartburn or chest discomfort, consult a medical professional for an accurate diagnosis and treatment plan.